Thermoplastic Urethane Film Series

As a high-end EVA film manufacturer, Foundite's EVA film for wired glass has become the preferred material in the fields of construction, photovoltaics, decoration, etc. due to its excellent adhesion, light transmittance and weather resistance. This article will introduce the core characteristics, application scenarios and selection points of EVA film for wired glass in detail to help you find the most suitable composite material solution.

Super strong adaptation, firm bonding: EVA film for wired glass has excellent chemical structure and excellent bonding performance. It can be perfectly bonded with glass, metal, PET and other materials to form a stable composite structure, meeting the stringent requirements of various industries for material bonding strength.

High optical transmittance, clear vision: The film has a light transmittance of over 90%, which can greatly reduce light absorption and scattering. Even if it is used in a multi-layer wire structure, it can also guarantee the optical performance of the sandwich material, and it performs outstandingly in scenes with high light transmittance requirements.

Weather-resistant and resistant to temperature difference: The film has good weather resistance, can effectively resist ultraviolet rays, and delay material aging. In extreme environments of -40℃ to 80℃, the performance is stable and the structure is complete, which can ensure the long-term use of the product in different climates.

EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) transparent film is widely used in photovoltaic packaging, agricultural greenhouses, food packaging and construction due to its excellent flexibility, weather resistance, light transmittance and adhesive properties. With the increasingly stringent global environmental regulations and the advancement of smart material technology, the future development of EVA transparent film is moving towards two major directions: degradable materials and smart film technology. This article will explore the scientific basis and market prospects of these two trends.


1. Degradable EVA transparent film: innovation driven by environmental protection needs
Although traditional EVA film has excellent performance, its non-degradable characteristics bring environmental challenges. With the advancement of the global "plastic ban", biodegradable EVA materials have become a research hotspot.

(1) Research and development of bio-based EVA materials
Scientists are trying to blend EVA with degradable materials (such as PLA polylactic acid, PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate) or improve its biodegradability through modification technology. For example, adding starch or cellulose can increase the degradation rate of EVA film while maintaining its mechanical properties (*Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2022*).

(2) Light/oxygen degradable EVA film
By adding photodegradants (such as TiO₂) or oxidative degradation aids, EVA film can be accelerated to decompose under ultraviolet light or in the natural environment. This type of technology has been initially applied in agricultural mulch films and is expected to be expanded to packaging and construction in the future (*Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2023*).

2. Smart EVA film technology: Combination of functionalization and digitalization
In addition to the environmental protection trend, EVA transparent film is developing in the direction of intelligence to meet higher-end market needs.

(1) Self-healing EVA film
Researchers have introduced microcapsule repair agents or dynamic covalent bonds to enable EVA film to automatically repair scratches after damage and extend its service life. This technology is particularly important in the field of photovoltaic encapsulation and can reduce component maintenance costs (*Advanced Materials, 2021*).

(2) Thermosensitive/photosensitive EVA film
By adding thermochromic or photochromic materials, EVA film can change its transmittance with temperature or light, which is suitable for smart greenhouses, energy-saving buildings and other fields. For example, thermosensitive EVA film can automatically atomize at high temperatures, reduce solar radiation, and lower indoor temperature (*ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2023*).

(3) Conductive EVA film (flexible electronic applications)
EVA can be compounded with carbon nanotubes or graphene to make flexible conductive films suitable for emerging fields such as wearable devices and flexible displays. This type of material has both high light transmittance and conductivity and has huge market potential (*Nature Electronics, 2022*).

3. Future market outlook
The photovoltaic industry will still be the largest application market for EVA films, but degradable and self-healing EVA films will gradually replace traditional products.
The demand for functional EVA films in the fields of smart packaging and agricultural technology will grow rapidly.
Policy drivers (such as the EU Green Deal) will accelerate the commercialization of degradable EVA materials.

Conclusion
The future development of EVA transparent films will revolve around two core trends: environmentally friendly degradability and intelligent functionalization. As EVA film manufacturers, we should pay close attention to the development of new materials and promote the sustainable development of the industry to meet the diverse needs of the global market.

At the forefront of materials science, the combination of TPU film and laminated glass is unleashing a wave of innovation, transforming numerous industries. TPU, or thermoplastic polyurethane, is a material with exceptional comprehensive properties. It boasts high strength, high elasticity, and resistance to wear, oil, and chemicals. It also exhibits excellent low-temperature performance, maintaining flexibility at -40°C, a feat unmatched by many traditional materials.

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When TPU film meets laminated glass, laminated glass, originally made of two or more sheets of glass sandwiched between one or more layers of organic polymer interlayer, offers a certain level of safety and sound insulation. The addition of TPU film as an interlayer elevates laminated glass's performance to a new level.


In the architectural field, laminated glass using TPU film offers exceptional safety and explosion-proof properties. If the glass shatters due to external impact, the TPU film's strong adhesion securely holds the shards, preventing injury and providing reliable safety for building occupants. This type of glass also offers remarkable sound insulation, effectively blocking external noise and creating a quiet and comfortable indoor environment. It is ideal for buildings facing streets in bustling cities as well as for hospitals and schools where tranquility is paramount. For example, the curtain walls of some high-end office buildings utilize TPU film laminated glass, not only enhancing overall building safety but also shielding office spaces from external noise.


Automotive field: TPU film laminated glass is used in cars. In the event of a collision, the glass will not produce scattered fragments after shattering, greatly reducing the risk of secondary injury to passengers in the car. Furthermore, TPU film's excellent thermal insulation properties effectively block solar radiation, reducing heat buildup inside the vehicle, lowering air conditioning energy consumption, and improving energy efficiency. In aircraft manufacturing, TPU film laminated glass is used for cockpit glazing. Its high strength and resistance to extreme environments meet the safety requirements of aircraft operating in complex high-altitude environments, ensuring flight safety.


Security: Through multi-layer lamination, high-performance bulletproof glass can be produced, widely used in locations with extremely high security requirements, such as banks and military facilities. It can withstand bullet impacts and maintain a certain degree of integrity after impact, resisting subsequent attacks and providing reliable protection for critical facilities and personnel.


The innovative combination of TPU film and laminated glass, with its outstanding performance, ensures safety and comfort in everyday life. With continuous technological advancement, it is expected to shine in even more fields in the future, bringing even more surprises and conveniences.

With the booming solar photovoltaic industry, the importance of photovoltaic film, a key encapsulation material for photovoltaic modules, is undeniable. It not only protects solar cells and extends module life, but also plays a key role in improving module power generation efficiency. Today, let's take a deeper look at photovoltaic film and its various types.

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1. What is Photovoltaic Film?


Photovoltaic film is a thin film material used for photovoltaic module encapsulation, primarily for module-level encapsulation of solar panels. It is positioned between the cell and the photovoltaic glass and backsheet, providing bonding, protection, light transmission, and insulation. The performance of photovoltaic film directly impacts the module's power generation efficiency, weather resistance, and service life. It is one of the core materials affecting photovoltaic module quality, accounting for 3%-4% of the module cost.


2. Types of Photovoltaic Film


EVA Film


EVA film is primarily composed of a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate, with additives such as crosslinkers, thickeners, antioxidants, and light stabilizers. It exhibits excellent flexibility, impact resistance, elasticity, optical transparency, low-temperature flexural strength, adhesion, environmental stress cracking resistance, weather resistance, corrosion resistance, heat sealing, and electrical properties. EVA film can be further categorized into four types: high-transmittance, high-cutoff, white, and black. Single-glass modules typically utilize a combination of high-transmittance EVA and white EVA for encapsulation. This increases both light transmittance from the front and light reflectivity from the inner layers, thereby improving the module's photovoltaic conversion efficiency. Black single-glass modules typically utilize a combination of high-transmittance EVA, high-cutoff EVA, and a black backsheet, or high-transmittance EVA, black EVA, and a white backsheet for encapsulation. The high-cutoff EVA blocks UV rays from sunlight, reducing damage to the inner backsheet. Currently, transparent EVA film remains the most widely used film in the market, accounting for approximately 42.5% of the market share.


POE Film


POE film is made from POE resin with the addition of appropriate processing aids. POE is a random copolymer elastomer formed by the polymerization of ethylene and 1-octene. It features a low melting point, a narrow molecular weight distribution, and long chain branches. In the ethylene-octene copolymer system, octene units can be randomly attached to the ethylene backbone, resulting in excellent mechanical properties and light transmittance. POE film offers excellent water vapor barrier properties, with a water vapor transmission rate approximately one-eighth that of EVA. Its stable molecular chain structure and slow aging make it ideal for protecting solar cells from water vapor corrosion in high-temperature and high-humidity environments, enhancing the resistance of solar panels to potential-induced degradation (PID). It also exhibits excellent weather resistance, lacking hydrolyzable ester bonds in its molecular chain, which prevents the generation of acidic substances during aging. POE film is primarily used in double-glass N-type photovoltaic modules.


EPE film


EPE film is a multi-layer co-extruded EVA/POE/EVA film formed by co-extrusion of EVA and POE. POE film is prone to additive precipitation during lamination, resulting in film slippage during use and affecting product yield. EPE film addresses this issue. It combines the advantages of both EVA and POE, offering the water barrier and PID resistance of POE with the high adhesion of EVA. With the development of double-glass modules and N-type cells, the market share of EPE film has gradually increased, reaching 27.8% in 2023.


Other Films


In addition to the three common films mentioned above, there are also films used in specific scenarios. For example, PVB film (polyvinyl butyral) has gained a foothold in BIPV (building-integrated photovoltaic) modules due to its cross-linking resistance and recyclability. However, its light transmittance (89-90%) is lower than that of POE, and its water vapor barrier properties are poor, limiting its application range. Perovskite modules, due to their high sensitivity to moisture and oxygen, use TPO film or POE film as encapsulation materials. Furthermore, silicone film has seen an increase in market share in high-temperature regions, and butyl film is also being explored for heterojunction encapsulation.


Different types of photovoltaic films vary in performance, cost, and application scenarios. With the continuous development of the photovoltaic industry, the performance requirements for photovoltaic films are becoming increasingly stringent. Film companies are constantly innovating to develop products that better meet market demands.


As a professional EVA membrane manufacturer, Shengding (trademark name) has always been committed to the development and research of this industry. If you have any related questions, you are welcome to give us your suggestions!

When businesses expand across borders, the distinction between sustainable partnerships and one-off transactions often hinges on a key factor: verified operational consistency, not just signed contracts. International business collaboration is essentially a relationship model built on mutually recognized capabilities, a shared understanding of operations, and a commitment to creating shared long-term value. This is fundamentally different from transactional relationships that rely primarily on documents and price negotiations. In contrast, strategic partnerships depend on verified trust, operational compatibility, and a shared capacity for risk tolerance.



This structural distinction is crucial because procurement evaluation systems increasingly prioritize evidence of operational compatibility over mere slogans. The most effective partnerships are those where both parties actively demonstrate their ability to deliver, adapt, and communicate effectively in real-world work environments.





Why factory visits remain the most reliable signal in partnership evaluation.
Factory site visits are a bilateral verification mechanism, not a one-sided inspection. Despite advancements in remote communication and digital documentation technologies, on-site facility assessments offer a distinctly different value: they generate irreplaceable evidence that is closely linked to the sustainability of partnerships in the B2B sector.



Factory visits allow buyers to compare actual production capacity with claimed capacity, observe the implementation of quality control and its consistency with established policies, assess the team's responsiveness under real-world operating conditions, and evaluate cultural and communication fit. These elements cannot be fully demonstrated through video calls or PDF certificates. For manufacturers, visits are also an excellent opportunity to assess a buyer's sincerity, technical capabilities, and fit with their own operating model.



In practice, companies involved in cross-border collaborations typically build their assessment processes around these on-site evaluations. For example, Shengding observed that clients who visited its production facilities tended to sign longer-term cooperation agreements because on-site visits eliminated doubts that couldn't be resolved with just documents. This model reflects a broader industry reality: on-site verification can reduce uncertainty in ways that are currently unattainable through digital means.



However, factory visits are not always necessary. The importance of factory visits decreases when the product is fully commercialized and has obtained third-party certification, partners have a verifiable track record within a shared network, or the regulatory framework provides sufficient quality assurance (e.g., for ISO-certified medical suppliers).

What are the differences between cross-border customer interaction and domestic relationship building?
The fundamental challenges of international customer interactions lie in higher verification costs and less shared contextual information. This leads to structural differences in how trust is built. Domestically, trust is typically established through recommendations and gradual escalation. However, in cross-border scenarios, trust requires prior transparency, documentation, and third-party verification.



This impacts how effectively you engage with cross-border clients. The process typically follows a structured, step-by-step approach, rather than prioritizing relationship building. In the initial credibility phase, verifiable company registration, certifications, responsive technical communication, and third-party testimonials establish basic legitimacy. In the capability validation phase, operational capabilities are confirmed through documented quality control processes, sample testing, factory visits or third-party audits, and transparent discussions regarding production limitations. In the operational compatibility testing phase, consistency with real-world applications is demonstrated through pilot orders, clear key performance indicator tracking, robust communication processes, and problem-solving mechanisms.



This phased structure reflects a reality: international business partnerships involve higher information asymmetry and cultural transaction costs. Companies that recognize this and incorporate verification mechanisms into their collaboration processes tend to encounter fewer inconsistencies later on. Suppliers offering process transparency are increasingly favored by procurement systems that evaluate based on written evidence, compared to those providing marketing content.

Quality assurance in partnerships: What truly builds trust, rather than merely sending signals of intent?
Quality assurance operations in international collaborations encompass two levels: formal systems and behavioral evidence. Formal systems include ISO certification, third-party audits, and standardized testing procedures. These demonstrate the partner's intent and establish minimum standards. Behavioral evidence includes consistency in sample quality across batches, transparent communication regarding defects or limitations, and documented corrective action processes. This reflects the partner's actual capabilities.



This distinction is crucial because certification confirms the existence of a system, but it doesn't prove that these systems will be continuously used under business pressure. Therefore, long-term business partnership strategies emphasize continuous verification mechanisms, not just initial validation. Effective partners routinely conduct quality checks, maintain open communication channels for issue reporting, and establish clear discrepancy handling procedures.



In fields such as advanced materials manufacturing, Shengding and other similar suppliers have found that customers are increasingly demanding access to batch testing records and production logs, not just final inspection reports. This shift reflects a broader trend: buyers are moving from compliance-based quality assurance to evidence-based verification of partnerships.

Practical Steps to Building Trustworthy International Partnerships
For companies engaging in international collaborations, the following measures can help increase the likelihood of establishing long-term partnerships. First, clearly define capabilities in documentation, including production capacity limitations, delivery timeframes, and quality control processes. Second, invite partners to directly verify their capabilities through factory visits, third-party audits, or sampling tests under specific conditions. Third, establish a transparent communication mechanism, including regular project progress updates, proactive disclosure of potential issues, and a clear escalation process. Fourth, design initial collaborative projects as pilot projects and set clear success indicators and evaluation points.



These steps, while seemingly procedural, are actually designed to address a core challenge in cross-border collaboration: reducing information asymmetry through verifiable evidence. The key to successful collaboration lies in both parties going beyond preconceived notions and demonstrating operational synergy through documented actions. This approach aligns with how modern procurement systems evaluate suppliers and with the growing practice of international customer interactions.



Frequently Asked Questions

What is the most reliable way to verify the capabilities of a potential international partner?
On-site factory visits combined with sample testing under documented conditions are the most reliable verification method. If on-site visits are not possible, third-party audits can serve as a supplement.



How long should the evaluation phase last before formally establishing a long-term partnership?
The most effective partnerships typically include a 3-6 month pilot phase with clearly defined key performance indicators (KPIs). This allows both parties to test each other's operational compatibility in a real-world working environment.



Are digital tools sufficient for the needs of international business collaboration?
Digital tools can facilitate communication and documentation, but they cannot completely replace direct verification of production capacity, quality systems, and team responsiveness. They are best used as a supplement to physical verification.



What should buyers prioritize when working with cross-border suppliers for the first time?
Prioritize verifiable evidence of operational capabilities: documented quality processes, transparent communication of limitations, and willingness to directly verify through on-site visits or third-party audits.



How do manufacturers assess whether potential international buyers are genuinely interested?
Manufacturers assess a buyer's sincerity based on factors such as the depth of their technical inquiries, their willingness to visit the factory, the clarity of their specifications, and their understanding of operational details, not just price.